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Adaptive short-term plasticity in the typical reading network.

S Turker1, P Kuhnke1, F R Schmid2

  • 1Lise Meitner Research Group Cognition and Plasticity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstr. 1a, Leipzig 04103, Germany; Wilhelm Wundt Institute for Psychology, University of Leipzig, Germany.

Neuroimage
|September 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to investigate the left temporo-parietal cortex (TPC) in typical readers. Findings suggest TMS can alter brain network connectivity, potentially aiding dyslexia interventions.

Keywords:
PhonologyPseudowordReadingTranscranial magnetic stimulationfMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psycholinguistics

Background:

  • The left temporo-parietal cortex (TPC) is vital for phonological decoding and sound-letter mapping in reading.
  • Reduced TPC activity is observed in individuals with dyslexia, highlighting its importance in reading acquisition.
  • Understanding the TPC's causal role can inform interventions for reading difficulties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal contribution of the left TPC to reading in typical adults.
  • To explore how transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the TPC modulates the brain's reading network.
  • To identify neural correlates of TMS-induced changes for potential dyslexia interventions.

Main Methods:

  • 28 typical adult readers underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while performing a reading task.
  • Participants received either effective or sham TMS over the left TPC.
  • Univariate, multivariate analyses, and dynamic causal modeling were used to assess brain activity and connectivity.

Main Results:

  • Individual variability in TMS effects on reading performance and brain activation was noted.
  • Effective TMS over the left TPC induced a shift in activation in the left inferior frontal cortex during pseudoword reading.
  • TMS enhanced effective connectivity from the left ventral occipito-temporal cortex to the left TPC.

Conclusions:

  • Despite no direct impact on reading performance, TMS induced short-term compensatory reorganization within the reading network.
  • Observed changes in task-related activity and increased functional coupling suggest network adaptation.
  • This research provides evidence for remote stimulation effects and the significance of functional interactions in reading.