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Do "testosterone boosters" really increase serum total testosterone? A systematic review.

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Most testosterone boosters fail to increase testosterone levels. Exceptions include beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate and betaine for athletes, with some supplements showing possible efficacy in specific male populations.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Testosterone boosters are widely marketed with unverified claims.
  • Limited regulatory oversight permits the sale of supplements without proven efficacy.
  • Understanding the effectiveness of these supplements is crucial for consumer health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review scientific literature on testosterone boosters over the past two decades.
  • To assess the efficacy of various testosterone boosters in increasing total testosterone levels.
  • To evaluate effects across four distinct male populations: athletes, hypogonadal, infertile, and healthy men.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a systematic review of published studies on testosterone boosters.
  • Included 52 studies examining 27 different testosterone-boosting compounds.
  • Analyzed data focusing on total testosterone increase compared to placebo.

Main Results:

  • The majority of testosterone boosters showed no significant increase in total testosterone.
  • Beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate and betaine were effective for male athletes.
  • Eurycoma longifolia, Tesnor™, PrimaVie™, and Withania somnifera showed possible efficacy in specific groups.

Conclusions:

  • Most commercially available testosterone boosters lack scientific evidence of efficacy.
  • Specific compounds like beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate, betaine, Eurycoma longifolia, and Withania somnifera show potential benefits.
  • Further research is needed to validate the efficacy and safety of certain testosterone boosters for targeted populations.