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A Comparison Study of Nipple-Areolar Complex Measurement: Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) Camera Versus
Hyunbin Kim1, Sungdae Na2, Byeongju Kang3
1Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok-Hospital, 807, Hoguk-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41404, Korea.
Background:
In breast surgery, achieving esthetic outcomes with symmetry is crucial. The nipple-areolar complex (NAC) plays a significant role in breast characteristic measurement. Various technologies have advanced measurement techniques, and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technology using three-dimensional scanning has been introduced in engineering. Increasing effort has been exerted to integrate such technologies into the medical field. This study focused on measuring NAC using a LiDAR camera, comparing it with traditional methods, and aimed to establish the clinical utility of LiDAR for obtaining favorable esthetic results.
Methods:
A total of 44 patients, who underwent breast reconstruction surgery, and 65 NACs were enrolled. Measurements were taken (areolar width [AW], nipple width [NW] and nipple projection [NP]) using traditional methods (ruler and photometry) and LiDAR camera. To assess correlations and explore clinical implications, patient demographics and measurement values were collected.
Results:
NAC measurements using a periscope and LiDAR methods were compared and correlated. LiDAR measurement accuracy was found to be high, with values above 95% for AW, NW and NP. Significant positive correlations were observed between measurements obtained through both methods for all parameters. When comparing body mass index, breast volume with AW and NW with NP, significant correlations were observed. These findings demonstrate the reliability and utility of LiDAR-based measurements in NAC profile assessment and provide valuable insights into the relationship between patient demographics and NAC parameters.
Conclusions:
LiDAR-based measurements are effective and can replace classical methods in NAC anthropometry, contributing to consistent and favorable esthetic outcomes in breast surgery.
Level Of Evidence Ii:
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors https://www.springer.com/00266 .
