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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Language Development01:22

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Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
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Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
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Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
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Components of Language01:24

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Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
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Human fear responses to certain stimuli, such as darkness, heights, deep water, and blood, can often arise despite the absence of direct negative experiences. This phenomenon is rooted in evolutionary psychology, which posits that humans have developed a predisposition to fear stimuli that historically posed significant survival threats. This predisposition, known as preparedness, suggests that early humans who developed a fear of potentially dangerous entities, such as venomous snakes and...
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Will Using a Foreign Language Attenuate the Neophobia?

Chuanbin Ni1, Xiaobing Jin2

  • 1School of Foreign Languages and Cultures, Nanjing Normal University, No. 122# Ninghai Road, Nanjing, 210097, People's Republic of China.

Journal of Psycholinguistic Research
|September 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Using a foreign language, particularly in detailed descriptions, reduces fear of new products (neophobia). This effect is explained by the Dual-process Model, highlighting language

Keywords:
Cognitive loadingEmotional distanceForeign language effectNeophobia

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Linguistics
  • Consumer Behavior

Background:

  • Neophobia, the fear of new things, can hinder the adoption of innovative products.
  • The language used to describe products may influence consumer perception and willingness to try them.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if foreign language use attenuates neophobia towards innovative products.
  • To examine this effect at both lexical (word-level) and discoursal (discourse-level) communication.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments involving 1380 native Chinese English learners.
  • Participants completed paper-and-pencil tasks assessing neophobia towards innovative products described in Chinese versus English.
  • Evaluations were conducted at lexical and discoursal levels.

Main Results:

  • Foreign language use significantly attenuated neophobia at the discoursal level.
  • No significant attenuation was observed at the lexical level.
  • The Dual-process Model provides a framework for understanding these findings.

Conclusions:

  • Communicating about innovative products in a foreign language, especially through detailed discourse, can reduce consumer neophobia.
  • Language processing in a non-native tongue may alter cognitive appraisals, diminishing fear of the unknown.