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Ultracompact programmable inverse-designed nanophotonic devices based on digital subwavelength structures.

Sikang Yang, Yawen Huang, Pengxiang He

    Applied Optics
    |September 14, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary

    We developed a programmable nanophotonic device platform using phase-change materials (PCM). This platform enables dynamic reconfiguration of ultracompact devices for various functions, enhancing optical interconnection flexibility.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nanophotonics
    • Integrated Optics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Inverse design is crucial for creating ultracompact nanophotonic devices.
    • Dynamic functionality in nanophotonics is challenging to achieve with fixed designs.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate an ultracompact, programmable nanophotonic device platform.
    • To dynamically implement various near-infrared devices using phase-change materials.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized inverse design to create a programmable platform with phase-change material pixels.
    • Tuned phase-change material states to satisfy subwavelength conditions for device functionality.
    • Designed and simulated power splitters and a mode multiplexer on a 6.4µm x 8µm footprint.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated four power splitters with low excess losses (<1.03 dB) across a 100 nm wavelength span.
    • Showcased a mode multiplexer with insertion losses of 1.4 dB (TE0) and 2.5 dB (TE1) and low crosstalk (< -19 dB).
    • Achieved nonvolatile device reconfiguration via laser-induced heating of phase-change materials.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed platform offers a flexible and dynamic approach to nanophotonic device implementation.
    • This technology can significantly enhance the adaptability of on-chip optical interconnections.
    • Programmable nanophotonics using phase-change materials opens new avenues for reconfigurable optical circuits.