Application and Molecular Modification of Enzyme in Textile Degumming

Area of Science:

• Textile Chemistry
• Biocatalysis
• Sustainable Materials

Background:

• Traditional textile degumming methods are energy-intensive and environmentally harmful, damaging natural fibers.
• Enzymatic degumming using enzymes like pectinases, xylanases, and mannanases presents an eco-friendly alternative with high specificity and minimal fiber damage.
• Native enzymes face limitations in thermal stability, pH adaptability, and tolerance to industrial conditions, hindering widespread adoption.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the application and molecular modification of enzymes for textile degumming of plant-based natural fibers.
• To analyze enzyme engineering technologies for optimizing degumming enzymes.
• To discuss challenges and future prospects for industrializing enzymatic degumming.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of enzyme applications, molecular modification techniques, and industrial challenges.
• Analysis of enzyme structure, gum composition, and synergistic actions of degumming enzymes.
• Examination of enzyme engineering strategies including directed evolution, rational design, and AI-driven approaches.

Main Results:

• Engineered enzymes demonstrate improved activity, thermostability, and pH half-life (e.g., V52A pectate lyase, Q130K/E195K xylanase).
• Molecular modification addresses limitations of native enzymes for industrial textile processing.
• Case studies highlight successful optimization of key degumming enzymes.

Conclusions:

• Enzyme molecular modification is crucial for overcoming limitations of native enzymes in textile degumming.
• Further research is needed to address industrial adaptability, cost, and system development for engineered enzymes.
• Advancing enzymatic degumming requires integrated approaches for precise engineering and intelligent industrial systems.