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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Metrology
    • Non-Destructive Testing
    • Artificial Intelligence

    Background:

    • Optical fringe patterns are vital for non-destructive testing.
    • Detecting defects in these patterns is a significant challenge.
    • Current methods may lack robustness and precision.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a deep learning-based method for accurate fringe pattern defect identification.
    • To improve defect localization using phase gradient information.
    • To demonstrate the method's effectiveness in various conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • A deep learning model was employed to compute spatial phase derivatives.
    • Defect information was attributed to the fringe pattern's phase gradient.
    • The resulting gradient map was used for defect localization.

    Main Results:

    • The method demonstrated robustness on numerically synthesized defects across different noise levels.
    • Successful experimental defect identification was achieved using diffraction phase microscopy.
    • The deep learning approach effectively localized defects in fringe patterns.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed deep learning method offers a reliable solution for fringe pattern defect detection.
    • Phase gradient analysis via deep learning enhances defect localization accuracy.
    • The technique shows practical utility in experimental metrology applications.