High-precision Fourier ptychographic microscopy based on Gaussian apodization coherent transfer function constraints.

Area of Science:

• Microscopy and Imaging Technologies
• Computational Imaging
• Optical Physics

Background:

• Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM) integrates phase retrieval and synthetic aperture techniques.
• Conventional FPM methods struggle with ringing artifacts due to the coherent transfer function and local optima in phase retrieval algorithms.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a novel Gaussian apodization coherent transfer function for FPM.
• To develop an improved iterative algorithm for enhanced image reconstruction accuracy and artifact reduction.

Main Methods:

• Implementation of a Gaussian apodization coherent transfer function to model the imaging process.
• Combination with an iterative algorithm incorporating amplitude weighting and phase gradient descent.

Main Results:

• Simulated experiments demonstrate reduced mean square error and improved structural similarity compared to conventional methods, even with noise.
• The proposed method achieves high accuracy and resolution in reconstructed images.

Conclusions:

• The Gaussian apodization coherent transfer function and advanced iterative method effectively mitigate ringing artifacts in FPM.
• This approach ensures accurate and high-resolution image reconstruction, validated on real and open-source microscopy data.