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    This study presents a novel optical method for detecting surface topography, even on low-contrast objects. The technique utilizes a metasurface for precise microscale measurements of both opaque and transparent targets.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Metasurface Applications
    • Surface Metrology

    Background:

    • Surface topography detection is crucial for target identification and precision measurement.
    • Existing methods may struggle with low-contrast or transparent phase objects.
    • Need for high-speed, low-power, and simple detection techniques.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a novel optical method for surface topography detection.
    • To achieve precise detection of microscale surface topography for low-contrast phase objects.
    • To showcase the universality of the method for both opaque and transparent objects.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of an optical method utilizing a metasurface.
    • Construction of reflected light paths for spatial differential operation.
    • Direct light reflection from the target surface is received by the metasurface.

    Main Results:

    • Experimental demonstration of the proposed optical method.
    • Successful surface topography detection of low-contrast phase objects.
    • The method shows remarkable universality for opaque and transparent objects.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed optical method offers low power consumption, high speed, and simple device requirements.
    • Metasurfaces can be effectively applied for spatial differential operations in surface detection.
    • This work presents a new application for optical differential metasurfaces in precise microscale topography detection.