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Related Concept Videos

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists01:18

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists

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Endothelins (ETs) are potent vasoactive peptides critical in the human body's various physiological and pathological processes. One of the most promising therapeutic strategies for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) involves counteracting the effects of these endothelins using a class of drugs known as endothelin receptor antagonists.
ETs are synthesized through a complex sequence of enzymatic steps, primarily involving an enzyme referred to as endothelin-converting enzyme...
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Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers01:30

Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers

776
In the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, a hormone called angiotensin II plays a crucial role. It binds to the AT1 receptors in vascular smooth muscles coupled with Gq proteins. The activation of these receptors activates an enzyme called phospholipase C, which releases two molecules: inositol trisphosphate and diacylglycerol. These molecules cause a chain reaction that leads to the phosphorylation of myosin light chains and promotes interaction between actin and myosin, leading to smooth...
776
Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics

418
Heart failure and kidney perfusion are interconnected in a complex way. Reduced renal perfusion and venous congestion are two significant factors that contribute to renal dysfunction in heart failure. The kidneys, primarily responsible for fluid balance in the body, are adversely affected due to compromised cardiac output and increased venous pressure. In response to reduced renal perfusion, the kidneys activate neurohumoral mechanisms to restore balance. However, these mechanisms can be...
418
Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors01:25

Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors

677
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an intricate physiological pathway involving numerous enzymes and hormones, including renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin I and II, and aldosterone. Imbalances within this system increase the production of angiotensin II and aldosterone. Increased angiotensin II levels promote vasoconstriction and blood pressure elevation. Concurrently, higher aldosterone levels stimulate sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys,...
677
Antihypertensive Drugs: Potassium-Sparing Diuretics01:28

Antihypertensive Drugs: Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

628
Liddle syndrome is a genetically inherited form of hypertension characterized by the overactivity of epithelial sodium channels in the nephron, the functional unit of the kidney. This heightened activity leads to increased sodium reabsorption and excessive excretion of potassium. To counteract this, potassium-sparing diuretics such as amiloride are used. They function by blocking these sodium channels, thereby reducing the influx of sodium into the epithelial cells and minimizing the loss of...
628
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors01:28

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors

183
Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors are potent enzymes that function to hydrolyze cyclic nucleotides to their corresponding 5' monophosphates. Their unique biochemical properties have been applied in treating Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH).
Among the PDE5 inhibitors, sildenafil (Revatio) stands out as a competitive and selective inhibitor. It operates by elevating cellular levels of cGMP and augmenting signaling through the cGMP-PKG pathway, promoting vasodilation. Upon oral...
183

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Updated: Jul 16, 2025

High-Throughput Cardiotoxicity Screening Using Mature Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocyte Monolayers
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Vericiguat.

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  • 1Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Formulary Monograph Service provides monthly drug monographs for Pharmacy & Therapeutics Committees, aiding in drug evaluation and utilization. Subscribers gain online access to these customizable resources and drug utilization evaluations.

Keywords:
cardiovasculardrug informationformulary management/P&T

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Pharmacy & Therapeutics (P&T) Committees require timely, evidence-based drug information for formulary decisions.
  • Evaluating new and emerging drug therapies is crucial for optimizing medication use and patient outcomes.
  • Access to comprehensive drug monographs and utilization evaluations supports informed clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the content and features of The Formulary Monograph Service.
  • To highlight the value of the service for healthcare professionals involved in drug management.
  • To inform potential subscribers about the benefits of the monthly monograph updates and drug utilization evaluations.

Main Methods:

  • The service delivers 5-6 detailed monographs on new or late-phase trial drugs monthly.
  • One-page summary monographs are provided for pharmacy and nursing in-services and agendas.
  • Comprehensive drug utilization evaluation/medication use evaluation (DUE/MUE) studies are included.

Main Results:

  • Subscribers receive continuously updated drug information relevant to clinical practice.
  • Monographs are accessible online, offering convenience and flexibility.
  • Customization options allow facilities to tailor content to specific needs.

Conclusions:

  • The Formulary Monograph Service supports P&T Committees and healthcare professionals with critical drug information.
  • The service facilitates informed formulary management and medication use evaluation.
  • Online access and customizable features enhance the utility of the provided drug monographs.