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Multiscale Process Intensification of Waste Valorization Reactions.

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This research develops intensified chemical processes for carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration using industrial wastes. It overcomes reaction limitations through multiscale engineering, advancing sustainable waste utilization and CO2 capture technologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Chemical Engineering
  • Environmental Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Slurry reactions involving solid waste and fluids face challenges like mass transfer limitations and unfavorable thermodynamics, leading to slow rates and high costs.
  • Traditional methods for overcoming these limitations are often environmentally detrimental and unfeasible for industrial-scale waste valorization.
  • There is a critical need for sustainable solutions in treating and utilizing industrial, urban, and agricultural wastes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop intensified and sustainable chemical processes for carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration.
  • To synergistically utilize industrial, urban, and agricultural wastes in these processes.
  • To overcome reaction rate limitations in slurry reactions through multiscale engineering and process intensification.

Main Methods:

  • Laboratory-scale experiments to test and refine multiscale process intensification strategies.
  • Thermodynamic and computational modeling to support experimental work.
  • Advanced characterization techniques to elucidate reaction and transport mechanisms.
  • Development of nanoscale reaction models and micro- to macroscale process models.

Main Results:

  • Investigated various mineral carbonation processes, including brine carbonation, enhanced weathering, gas-(wet) solid, aqueous, and supercritical accelerated carbonation.
  • Explored the production of valuable products like organomineral fertilizers and zeolites.
  • Assessed mineral reactivity for optimal feedstock-process matching to maximize net carbon sequestration.
  • Successfully translated engineered accelerated weathering and carbonation into enhanced rock weathering (ERW) for agriculture, aiding commercial deployment.

Conclusions:

  • The developed multiscale process intensification approaches effectively overcome reaction rate limitations in slurry reactions.
  • These strategies enable sustainable CO2 sequestration and waste valorization, reducing environmental impact.
  • Encourages adoption of process intensification for green transition in chemical, metallurgical, and minerals industries.
  • Potential for broader application in other sectors to reduce energy and carbon intensity.