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Translational tissue-engineered vascular grafts: From bench to bedside
Lauren West-Livingston1, Jae Woong Lim2, Sang Jin Lee3
1Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA; Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27712, USA.
Biomaterials
|September 15, 2023
Summary
Tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) offer a promising alternative to traditional bypass surgery conduits. Advancements in fabrication techniques are improving TEVG function, but challenges remain for clinical application.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Vascular Surgery
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease necessitates bypass surgery using autologous vessels, facing limitations in availability and complication risks.
- Tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) present a viable alternative, aiming to replicate natural blood vessel structure and function.
- Ideal TEVGs require biocompatibility, robust biomechanical properties, and in vivo durability for successful clinical integration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review fundamental approaches for fabricating functional vascular grafts.
- To highlight translational methodologies for advancing TEVG clinical application.
- To discuss recent innovations and persistent challenges in TEVG development.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on tissue-engineered vascular graft fabrication.
- Analysis of advanced scaffold creation techniques including electrospinning and 3D bioprinting.
- Evaluation of multidisciplinary requirements for TEVG development and clinical translation.
Main Results:
- Recent scaffold fabrication advancements have enhanced TEVG functional and biomechanical properties.
- Innovative techniques enable intricate and customized tubular scaffold creation.
- Key challenges include standardizing preclinical models and developing scalable, cost-effective manufacturing.
Conclusions:
- Successful TEVG fabrication demands a multidisciplinary approach integrating material science, engineering, and biology.
- Overcoming manufacturing and standardization hurdles is crucial for clinical translation.
- Further research is needed to advance TEVGs for widespread clinical use in cardiovascular surgery.
