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Published on: May 13, 2022
NRF2 signalling in cytoprotection and metabolism
Shohei Murakami1, Yusuke Kusano1,2, Keito Okazaki1
1Department of Gene Expression Regulation, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
The KEAP1-NRF2 system protects cells from oxidative stress. This review explores how NRF2 regulates cellular metabolism, mitochondrial function, and sulfur metabolism, highlighting its cytoprotective roles.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- The KEAP1-NRF2 system is crucial for cellular defense against oxidative stress.
- KEAP1 acts as an electrophile biosensor via reactive thiols, while NRF2 regulates antioxidant and detoxification genes.
- NRF2 is increasingly recognized for its role in cellular metabolism and mitochondrial function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of molecular mechanisms regulating NRF2 signaling.
- To highlight the cytoprotective functions of NRF2.
- To elucidate NRF2's contribution to cellular metabolism, mitochondrial function, and sulfur metabolism.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on KEAP1-NRF2 signaling.
- Analysis of NRF2's role in gene regulation.
- Examination of NRF2's impact on cellular metabolism and mitochondria.
Main Results:
- NRF2 is a key regulator of antioxidant, detoxification, and anti-inflammatory genes.
- NRF2 influences cellular metabolism and mitochondrial function through diverse mechanisms.
- Emerging evidence points to NRF2's involvement in novel sulfur metabolism pathways.
Conclusions:
- The KEAP1-NRF2 system is a vital sulfur-utilizing cytoprotective mechanism.
- NRF2 plays a significant role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and metabolic regulation.
- Further research is needed to fully clarify NRF2-mediated metabolic and mitochondrial regulation.
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