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Related Concept Videos

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
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Classification of Illness01:17

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The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
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Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

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Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
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Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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Factors Affecting Illness01:18

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When a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social development or spiritual functioning is compromised, this deviation from a healthy normal state is called illness. Illness creates stress that in turn harms individuals. Irritation, anger, denial, hopelessness, and fear are behavioral and emotional changes an individual experiences in the phases of illness. A variety of factors influence a person's health and well-being.
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses
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Treatable traits for long COVID.

Hayley Lewthwaite1,2, Anthony Byrne3, Bruce Brew4,5,6,7

  • 1Centre of Research Excellence Treatable Traits, College of Health, Medicine, and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.

Respirology (Carlton, Vic.)
|September 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A personalized medicine approach, "Treatable Traits," can address complex Long COVID symptoms. Current evidence supports exercise for chest and functional issues, but more research is needed for fatigue, pain, and sleep problems.

Keywords:
disease managementlong COVIDlong haul COVIDpost-acute COVID-19 syndromeprecision medicinetreatable traits

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Area of Science:

  • Medical research
  • Chronic disease management
  • Personalized medicine

Background:

  • Long COVID (post-acute COVID-19 sequelae) affects 1 in 8 adults, presenting complex, multi-system symptoms.
  • A one-size-fits-all treatment approach is inadequate for Long COVID's heterogeneous nature.
  • The 'Treatable Traits' approach offers personalized medicine for complex chronic conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The 'Treatable Traits' approach is a viable framework for personalized Long COVID care.
  • Current evidence supports specific interventions for certain Long COVID clusters, notably chest and functional impairments.
  • High-quality RCTs are crucial to develop effective treatments for fatigue, psychological, pain, and sleep impairment Long COVID traits.