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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2025

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Reshaping the Cortical Connectivity Gradient by Long-Term Cognitive Training During Development.

Tianyong Xu1, Yunying Wu2, Yi Zhang1,3

  • 1Bio-X Laboratory, School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.

Neuroscience Bulletin
|September 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long-term abacus mental calculation (AMC) training reshaped children's brain topology, influencing default network emergence and cortical gradients. This cognitive training impacts brain development and predicts math ability.

Keywords:
Abacus-based mental calculationCognitive trainingConnectivity gradientDevelopmentNeural plasticity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Brain organization follows a dynamic topological hierarchy during development.
  • The impact of multi-year cognitive training on this developmental hierarchy is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how long-term abacus-based mental calculation (AMC) training affects the brain's hierarchical topology during childhood development.
  • To explore the relationship between training-induced brain changes and mathematical abilities.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study measuring brain and behavior in school children before and after five years of AMC training (ages 7-12).
  • Analysis of brain hierarchical topology, default network emergence, cortical gradients, and behavioral data.

Main Results:

  • Observed development-induced emergence of the default network.
  • AMC training promoted shifting and regional changes in cortical gradients, particularly in visual and somatomotor areas.
  • Training-induced gradient changes correlated with visuospatial/motor-imagery strategies.
  • Gradient-based features predicted math ability.

Conclusions:

  • Long-term cognitive training during development can dynamically reshape brain hierarchical topology.
  • AMC intervention influences brain network organization and is associated with enhanced mathematical performance.
  • Findings highlight the plasticity of brain networks in response to sustained cognitive engagement.