Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics

418
Heart failure and kidney perfusion are interconnected in a complex way. Reduced renal perfusion and venous congestion are two significant factors that contribute to renal dysfunction in heart failure. The kidneys, primarily responsible for fluid balance in the body, are adversely affected due to compromised cardiac output and increased venous pressure. In response to reduced renal perfusion, the kidneys activate neurohumoral mechanisms to restore balance. However, these mechanisms can be...
418
Antihypertensive Drugs: Potassium-Sparing Diuretics01:28

Antihypertensive Drugs: Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

628
Liddle syndrome is a genetically inherited form of hypertension characterized by the overactivity of epithelial sodium channels in the nephron, the functional unit of the kidney. This heightened activity leads to increased sodium reabsorption and excessive excretion of potassium. To counteract this, potassium-sparing diuretics such as amiloride are used. They function by blocking these sodium channels, thereby reducing the influx of sodium into the epithelial cells and minimizing the loss of...
628
Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of Diuretics01:16

Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of Diuretics

811
Diuretics are antihypertensive drugs used to treat hypertension resulting from sodium and water retention. Sodium, vital for fluid balance and nerve or muscle function, is regulated by the kidneys through millions of nephrons. Blood enters nephrons via afferent arterioles, which branch into capillaries called glomeruli. These filter blood plasma, allowing water and solutes, like sodium ions, to pass through capillary walls into Bowman's capsule. The filtrate then flows through various...
811
Renal Drug Clearance: Comparison Between Renal Excretion Methods01:08

Renal Drug Clearance: Comparison Between Renal Excretion Methods

173
Renal clearance is a critical parameter encompassing kidney filtration, secretion, and reabsorption processes. It is calculated using a specific equation to determine the rate at which the kidneys clear a drug.
Renal clearance is often associated with the renal glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which represents the rate at which plasma is filtered through the glomeruli in the kidney. When drug reabsorption is minimal and there is no active secretion, renal clearance is closely related to the...
173
Hormonal Regulation of Blood Pressure01:17

Hormonal Regulation of Blood Pressure

2.7K
Endocrinal or hormonal intervention in the cardiovascular system is predominantly exerted by the catecholamines - epinephrine and norepinephrine, as well as a slew of hormones that interact with renal function to modulate blood volume.
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
The adrenal medulla releases epinephrine and norepinephrine, catecholamines that enhance and extend the sympathetic or "fight or flight" physiological response. These hormones escalate heart rate and the force of contraction...
2.7K
Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

12
Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
12

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Do discharge delays explain longer stays at veterans health administration hospitals?

BMC health services research·2025
Same author

Modeling the impact of the revised starling hypothesis on vascular refilling during ultrafiltration in humans.

American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology·2025
Same author

Clinician Preferences for Oseltamivir Use in Children With Influenza in the Outpatient Setting.

Pediatrics·2025
Same author

Catheter-based techniques for pulmonary embolism treatment.

EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology·2025
Same author

Variability of Clinician Recommendations for Oseltamivir in Children Hospitalized With Influenza.

Pediatrics·2025
Same author

Advanced Management of Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Treatment for Pulmonary Embolism: Evidence-Based Strategies for Optimized Patient Care.

Journal of clinical medicine·2025
Same journal

Patients' Perspectives on Personalized Glycemic Targets for Coronary Artery Disease Prevention Based on the Haptoglobin Phenotype: A Qualitative Study.

CJC open·2026
Same journal

Initial Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment in Nonclinical Settings: Framingham-Simplified Model Predictive Performance in a Canadian Cohort.

CJC open·2026
Same journal

Cognition in Chronic Heart Failure: Advancing Knowledge for Better Prevention Through Remote Assessment.

CJC open·2026
Same journal

The Path Less Traveled: Embracing the Arts in Scientific Communications.

CJC open·2026
Same journal

Implementation of Integrated Behavioural Health in Outpatient Cardiology Care for Patients with Injection Drug Use-Associated Infective Endocarditis.

CJC open·2026
Same journal

Current Practice Patterns and Barriers to Intravascular Imaging-Guided Percutaneous Interventions: Insights from a Canadian Nationwide Survey.

CJC open·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2025

Bedside Ultrasound for Guiding Fluid Removal in Patients with Pulmonary Edema: The Reverse-FALLS Protocol
07:59

Bedside Ultrasound for Guiding Fluid Removal in Patients with Pulmonary Edema: The Reverse-FALLS Protocol

Published on: July 28, 2018

11.2K

Relative Blood Volume Profiles Hours After Loop Diuretic Administration: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Brian P Lucas1,2,3, Shantum Misra4, William T Donnelly1,3

  • 1Medicine Service, White River Junction VA Medical Center, White River Junction, Vermont, USA.

CJC Open
|September 18, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Loop diuretics alter relative blood volume (RBV) measurably. Congested patients show smaller RBV changes, informing personalized decongestive therapy using urine output and RBV profiles.

More Related Videos

Cardiac Response to β-Adrenergic Stimulation Determined by Pressure-Volume Loop Analysis
08:05

Cardiac Response to β-Adrenergic Stimulation Determined by Pressure-Volume Loop Analysis

Published on: May 19, 2021

3.7K
Description of a Swine Infant Model of Volume-Controlled Hemorrhagic Shock
09:09

Description of a Swine Infant Model of Volume-Controlled Hemorrhagic Shock

Published on: November 3, 2023

1.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 16, 2025

Bedside Ultrasound for Guiding Fluid Removal in Patients with Pulmonary Edema: The Reverse-FALLS Protocol
07:59

Bedside Ultrasound for Guiding Fluid Removal in Patients with Pulmonary Edema: The Reverse-FALLS Protocol

Published on: July 28, 2018

11.2K
Cardiac Response to β-Adrenergic Stimulation Determined by Pressure-Volume Loop Analysis
08:05

Cardiac Response to β-Adrenergic Stimulation Determined by Pressure-Volume Loop Analysis

Published on: May 19, 2021

3.7K
Description of a Swine Infant Model of Volume-Controlled Hemorrhagic Shock
09:09

Description of a Swine Infant Model of Volume-Controlled Hemorrhagic Shock

Published on: November 3, 2023

1.0K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Plasma refill rates can be estimated using urine output and relative blood volume (RBV) profiles.
  • Changes in plasma refill rates may guide decongestive loop diuretic therapy in acute heart failure.
  • Assessing average RBV profiles after loop diuretic administration in congested versus non-congested subjects was the study's objective.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess average relative blood volume (RBV) profiles after loop diuretic administration.
  • To compare RBV profiles in patients with and without baseline congestion.
  • To explore the potential of RBV profiles for guiding decongestive therapy.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of studies on loop diuretics and blood volume was conducted.
  • Included studies involved adults with at least one baseline and one follow-up blood volume measurement.
  • Relative blood volume changes were extracted and aggregated from 16 eligible studies.

Main Results:

  • Relative blood volume (RBV) maximally decreased by 9.2% and returned to baseline after 3+ hours.
  • Congested subjects exhibited smaller RBV decreases compared to non-congested subjects (P=0.001).
  • RBV in congested subjects returned to baseline within the final follow-up period.

Conclusions:

  • Loop diuretics induce measurable RBV changes with distinct profiles in congested versus non-congested patients.
  • RBV profiles, combined with urine output, can estimate plasma refill rates.
  • These estimations may serve as patient-specific targets for decongestive therapy.