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Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

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Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
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Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory01:22

Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory

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Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of...
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Long-Term Memory01:18

Long-Term Memory

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Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
Long-term memory can be categorized into two primary types: explicit and implicit memory. Explicit memory, also known as declarative memory, involves the conscious recollection of information that we deliberately try to remember, recall, and articulate. This type of memory encompasses specific facts, events, and...
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System of Memory01:23

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Memory is categorized into three major systems: sensory memory, short-term memory (STM), and long-term memory (LTM). These systems differ in their capacity and the duration for which they can hold information. Sensory memory captures raw sensory input from the environment, holding it for just a few seconds or less. For example, on hearing a brief, loud sound, like a car horn honking, the sound seems to linger in the mind for a moment even after it stops. This is an instance of sensory memory...
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Understanding Memory01:19

Understanding Memory

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Memory is the retention of information or experiences over time, facilitated through three main processes: encoding, storage, and retrieval. Encoding is the process of inputting information into the memory system. For instance, when listening to a lecture, watching a play, reading a book, or having a conversation, the brain is actively encoding information. This initial stage involves transforming sensory input into a form that can be processed and stored by the brain. Various factors, such as...
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Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

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Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or...
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Updated: Jul 16, 2025

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
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How do intentions modulate the effect of working memory on long-term memory?

Maximilien Labaronne1, Laura Ferreri2,3, Gaën Plancher2,4

  • 1Laboratoire d'Étude des Mécanismes Cognitifs, Université Lumière Lyon 2, Bron, France. m.labaronne@univ-lyon2.fr.

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
|September 18, 2023
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Intentions to remember long-term do not alter working memory maintenance strategies. However, intention significantly boosts memory recall performance, suggesting a combined effect on encoding and maintenance processes.

Keywords:
IntentionLong-term memoryRewardWorking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Working memory maintenance is crucial for long-term memory formation.
  • Prior research suggests intentionality may enhance this effect, but mechanisms remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how working memory maintenance adapts to intentional long-term memory.
  • To examine the impact of intention on working memory strategies and recall performance.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments utilized verbal complex span tasks and delayed recall tests.
  • Working memory maintenance was assessed via cognitive load manipulation and strategy reports.
  • Intentions were manipulated by warning participants or offering performance-based rewards.

Main Results:

  • No evidence found that intentions altered working memory maintenance mechanisms or strategies.
  • Cognitive load and reward effects on recall increased with higher intentions.
  • Results suggest intentions modulate encoding and maintenance processes, not just maintenance itself.

Conclusions:

  • Intentions to remember long-term do not change working memory maintenance strategies.
  • Intentions appear to enhance memory through a combined effect on encoding and maintenance.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the nature of intention's modulation on memory.