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Acute Myocardial Infarction: Etiologies and Mimickers in Young Patients

Chayakrit Krittanawong1, Muzamil Khawaja2, Jacqueline E Tamis-Holland3

  • 1New York University Langone Health System New York NY USA.

Journal of the American Heart Association
|September 19, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in young adults (<45 years) is rising. This review details unique causes, diagnostic strategies, and management for this growing patient group.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a leading cause of global mortality.
  • While typically affecting older individuals, AMI in young patients (<45 years) is increasingly recognized.
  • Nonatherosclerotic causes are more prevalent in younger AMI populations, complicating diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diverse etiologies of AMI in young adults.
  • To outline efficient diagnostic and risk stratification approaches for this demographic.
  • To guide effective management strategies for young patients experiencing AMI.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review.
  • Analysis of nonatherosclerotic etiologies.
  • Synthesis of diagnostic and management guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Younger patients present with distinct AMI etiologies compared to older adults.
  • Delayed or inaccurate diagnoses are common due to atypical presentations.
  • Effective management requires tailored strategies addressing unique risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding unique AMI etiologies in young adults is crucial.
  • Improved diagnostic and risk stratification tools are needed.
  • Specialized management protocols can improve outcomes for young AMI patients.

Keywords:
acute myocardial infarctionatheromatousnonatheromatousyoung

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