Progress in the study and treatment of peri-device leak after left atrial appendage closure

For patients with atrial fibrillation with an increased risk of stroke and contraindications to long-term anticoagulation, percutaneous left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) has become an important alternative to long-term oral anticoagulation. Incomplete closure of the LAAC during the procedure leads to faster blood flow in the interstitial space around the device, resulting in peri-device leak (PDL), which is not uncommon. Studies are still inconclusive in determining the incidence, long-term safety, and management of PDL. Therefore, this article reviewed the progress made in the research and treatment of PDL after LAAC.