Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Noncovalent Attractions in Biomolecules02:35

Noncovalent Attractions in Biomolecules

51.8K
Noncovalent attractions are associations within and between molecules that influence the shape and structural stability of complexes. These interactions differ from covalent bonding in that they do not involve sharing of electrons.
Four types of noncovalent interactions are hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, ionic bonds, and hydrophobic interactions.
Hydrogen bonding results from the electrostatic attraction of a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a strong-electronegative atom like oxygen,...
51.8K
Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins01:03

Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins

14.2K
For successful DNA replication, the unwinding of double-stranded DNA must be accompanied by stabilization and protection of the separated single strands of the DNA. This crucial task is performed by single-strand DNA-binding (SSB) proteins. They bind to the DNA in a sequence-independent manner, which means that the nitrogenous bases of the DNA need not be present in a specific order for binding of SSB proteins to it. The binding of SSB proteins straightens single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and makes...
14.2K
DNA as a Genetic Template02:05

DNA as a Genetic Template

22.0K
Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature. The Watson-Crick model of double-helical DNA structure, proposed in 1952, drew heavily upon the X-ray crystallography work of researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in 1962. Franklin was, controversially, excluded from the prize for...
22.0K
DNA Topoisomerases02:02

DNA Topoisomerases

31.4K
Topoisomerases are enzymes that relax overwound DNA molecules during various cell processes, including DNA replication and transcription. These enzymes regulate positive and negative DNA supercoiling without changing the nucleotide sequence. DNA overwinding in a clockwise direction results in positively supercoiled DNA, whereas underwinding in a counterclockwise direction produces negatively supercoiled DNA.
Types and Mechanism of action
Topoisomerases are divided into two main types. ...
31.4K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

1.1K
Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the...
1.1K
¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling01:27

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling

1.8K
The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
In alkenes, spin information is communicated via σ–π overlap, as seen in allylic (four-bond) and homoallylic (five-bond) couplings. These coupling interactions are stronger when the σ bond is parallel to the alkene...
1.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pathogenesis and therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine intervention in hypertension combined with insomnia.

Journal of ethnopharmacology·2026
Same author

Comprehensive Epigenetic Landscape of Sulfur Mustard (SM) Exposure in HaCaT Keratinocytes.

Chemico-biological interactions·2026
Same author

On-site rapid identification of animal and plant creams <i>via</i> 2D FeB nanozyme-based colorimetric sensors.

The Analyst·2026
Same author

Total Synthesis of Scholarisines A, I, T, and W and Identification of Scholarisine I as a Lysosome Inhibitor.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Comprehensive metabolic characterization of pediatric ependymomas.

Life metabolism·2026
Same author

Z-scheme heterojunction based organic photoelectrochemical transistors for ultrasensitive methyl parathion detection.

Mikrochimica acta·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2025

Stable DNA Motifs, 1D and 2D Nanostructures Constructed from Small Circular DNA Molecules
09:32

Stable DNA Motifs, 1D and 2D Nanostructures Constructed from Small Circular DNA Molecules

Published on: April 12, 2019

6.5K

Sequence-Dependent Orientational Coupling and Electrostatic Attraction in Cation-Mediated DNA-DNA Interactions.

Weiwei He1,2, Xiangyun Qiu3, Serdal Kirmizialtin1,2

  • 1Chemistry Program, Science Division, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 129188, United Arab Emirates.

Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation
|September 20, 2023
PubMed
Summary

DNA condensation, crucial for biological functions, is driven by cation dynamics in DNA grooves. These dynamics, influenced by salt conditions and DNA sequences, dictate attraction and assembly mechanisms.

More Related Videos

Iterative Optimization of DNA Duplexes for Crystallization of SeqA-DNA Complexes
11:42

Iterative Optimization of DNA Duplexes for Crystallization of SeqA-DNA Complexes

Published on: November 1, 2012

10.0K
Author Spotlight: Developing Synthetic Cells from Programmable Amphiphilic DNA Nanostructures
08:02

Author Spotlight: Developing Synthetic Cells from Programmable Amphiphilic DNA Nanostructures

Published on: May 31, 2024

808

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 16, 2025

Stable DNA Motifs, 1D and 2D Nanostructures Constructed from Small Circular DNA Molecules
09:32

Stable DNA Motifs, 1D and 2D Nanostructures Constructed from Small Circular DNA Molecules

Published on: April 12, 2019

6.5K
Iterative Optimization of DNA Duplexes for Crystallization of SeqA-DNA Complexes
11:42

Iterative Optimization of DNA Duplexes for Crystallization of SeqA-DNA Complexes

Published on: November 1, 2012

10.0K
Author Spotlight: Developing Synthetic Cells from Programmable Amphiphilic DNA Nanostructures
08:02

Author Spotlight: Developing Synthetic Cells from Programmable Amphiphilic DNA Nanostructures

Published on: May 31, 2024

808

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • DNA condensation is essential for cellular processes and controlled nucleic acid assembly.
  • Experimental limitations hinder understanding of cation distributions and forces governing DNA condensation.
  • The precise mechanisms of DNA condensation remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanism of DNA condensation under varying salt conditions and DNA sequences.
  • To investigate the role of cation distributions and dynamics in DNA assembly.
  • To provide a deeper understanding of nucleic acid complex formation.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of free energy surfaces using exhaustive sampling.
  • Detailed analysis of cation distributions and dynamics.
  • Simulations performed under different salt conditions and with varying DNA sequences.

Main Results:

  • DNA condensation is facilitated by correlated dynamics of localized cations within DNA grooves.
  • Cation dynamics are significantly influenced by salt conditions and specific DNA sequences.
  • Magnesium ions promote attraction via major groove binding, while polyvalent cations induce condensation through minor groove binding and charge patterning.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals a novel mechanism for DNA condensation driven by cation dynamics.
  • Findings highlight the sequence and salt-dependent nature of DNA condensation.
  • These insights have significant implications for controlling nucleic acid complexes in biological systems and synthetic applications.