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Obesity

Obesity

The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2025

Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study

Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study

Published on: February 2, 2017

Surrogate Adiposity Markers and Mortality.

Irfan Khan^1,2,3,4,5, Michael Chong^1,2,3, Ann Le^1,2,3

¹Population Health Research Institute, David Braley Cardiac, Vascular and Stroke Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

JAMA Network Open

|September 20, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) strongly predicts mortality risk, outperforming body mass index (BMI) and fat mass index (FMI). Focusing on adiposity distribution, not just mass, is crucial for clinical health recommendations.

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Segmentation and Measurement of Fat Volumes in Murine Obesity Models Using X-ray Computed Tomography

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Published on: April 4, 2012

Area of Science:

Epidemiology
Public Health
Genetics

Background:

Body mass index (BMI) is a common measure of adiposity but has limitations in reflecting body composition and fat distribution.
There is ongoing debate regarding the BMI threshold associated with the lowest mortality risk.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine whether waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), fat mass index (FMI), or BMI has the most robust association with mortality.
To compare the consistency of these adiposity measures in predicting mortality risk.

Main Methods:

Utilized UK Biobank data (N=387,672) for observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses.
Included discovery and validation cohorts with incident deaths analyzed for all-cause and cause-specific mortality.
Assessed associations between measured and genetically determined BMI, FMI, and WHR with mortality outcomes.

Main Results:

Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) demonstrated a linear association with all-cause mortality, while BMI and FMI showed J-shaped associations.
Genetically determined WHR had a stronger association with all-cause mortality than genetically determined BMI.
The association between genetically determined WHR and mortality was consistent regardless of measured BMI, and stronger in males.

Conclusions:

Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) is a superior predictor of mortality compared to BMI and FMI, showing the strongest and most consistent association.
Clinical guidelines should prioritize assessing adiposity distribution (like WHR) over simple measures of adiposity mass (like BMI).
These findings highlight the importance of fat distribution in understanding mortality risk.