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Apparent Failures in Interpretation of Interfacial Characterization When Formulating Emulsions Stabilized by
Roxanne Fournier1, Maximiliano Caye Díaz2, Emily D Cranston2,3,4
1Food Science, University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver V6T-1Z4, Canada.
Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|September 22, 2023
Summary
Characterizing bulk rheology of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) suspensions is sufficient for predicting emulsion stability, simplifying formulation by avoiding complex interfacial measurements.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Colloid and Surface Chemistry
Background:
- Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) stabilize emulsions by adsorbing at droplet interfaces.
- Surface charges on CNCs cause electrostatic repulsion, limiting droplet coverage and emulsion stability.
- Adding salt screens CNC charges, enhancing droplet coverage.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the correlation between interfacial properties and emulsion stability.
- To determine the optimal salt concentration for CNC-stabilized emulsions.
- To evaluate the utility of interfacial tension and rheology measurements for formulation.
Main Methods:
- Characterization of interfacial tension and interfacial shear rheology.
- Measurement of bulk viscoelastic properties of CNC suspensions.
- Correlation of rheological measurements with emulsion stability and droplet coverage.
Main Results:
- Interfacial tension did not correlate well with emulsion stability due to native corn oil compounds.
- Interfacial shear rheology was not a useful indicator of emulsion stability at typical CNC concentrations.
- Bulk rheology of the aqueous phase effectively predicted the influence of salt concentration on CNC charge screening and emulsion stability.
Conclusions:
- Bulk rheology measurements of CNC suspensions are a simple and sufficient method for predicting emulsion stability.
- Interfacial measurements are not necessary for optimizing CNC-based emulsion formulations.
- This finding simplifies the process of formulating stable emulsions using cellulose nanocrystals.
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