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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Microfluidics
  • Diagnostics

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic revealed critical needs for accessible, field-deployable diagnostic technologies.
  • Existing lab-on-chip solutions faced manufacturing and integration challenges, hindering widespread deployment.
  • Printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing infrastructure offers a scalable and cost-effective alternative for microsystem fabrication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel lab-on-PCB diagnostic platform for rapid genetic detection of SARS-CoV-2.
  • To demonstrate the feasibility of repurposing PCB technology for integrated microfluidic diagnostic devices.
  • To achieve ultrafast and sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 in various sample types.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a miniaturized, continuous-flow lab-on-PCB chip for loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP).
  • Integration of off-the-shelf optical detection components for cost-effective fluorescence readout.
  • Testing the device with wastewater samples and human nasopharyngeal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated ultrafast SARS-CoV-2 RNA amplification in wastewater within 2 minutes at low concentrations (17 gc μL⁻¹).
  • Successfully detected SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal swabs without prior RNA extraction or purification.
  • Achieved a high technology-readiness level, with mass-manufactured chips costing £2.50 each.

Conclusions:

  • The lab-on-PCB platform offers a rapid, cost-effective, and field-deployable solution for SARS-CoV-2 genetic detection.
  • Repurposing PCB manufacturing enables scalable production of advanced microfluidic diagnostic devices.
  • This technology holds significant potential for broader applications in pathogen detection and genetic analysis.