[Angioimmunoblastic lymphoadenopathy with dysproteinemia. A doubtful clinical case]

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Hematology
• Oncology

Background:

• Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinaemia (AILD) is a distinct clinicopathological entity.
• AILD often presents with constitutional symptoms, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and immune dysregulation.

Observation:

• A 49-year-old woman with a 14-year history of Sjogren's syndrome presented with systemic lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
• Histopathological examination of multiple tissues revealed a proliferative lymphopathy.

Findings:

• The clinical presentation and histological findings suggested either AILD or a low-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
• The patient ultimately died of hematemesis.

Implications:

• This case underscores the diagnostic complexities associated with AILD.
• The prolonged and varied clinical course can mimic other conditions, complicating early and accurate diagnosis.
• Further research into AILD's pathogenesis and diagnostic markers is warranted.