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Toward a network perspective in coastal ecosystem management.

Rebecca V Gladstone-Gallagher1, Simon F Thrush1, Jasmine M L Low1

  • 1University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

Journal of Environmental Management
|September 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Managing coastal ecosystems is complex due to cumulative effects. Understanding ecological network interactions helps prioritize stressor management, even with limited data.

Keywords:
AntagonisticEcosystem interaction networksMultiple lines of evidenceRegime shiftsSynergisticTipping points

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Area of Science:

  • Marine ecology
  • Environmental management
  • Ecosystem dynamics

Background:

  • Coastal ecosystem management faces challenges from complex cumulative effects of multiple stressors.
  • Current risk assessment methods often simplify issues into cause-and-effect relationships, hindering the consideration of ecological complexity.
  • Limited data in many coastal areas leads to decision paralysis in environmental management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore how understanding ecological network interactions can improve coastal environmental management.
  • To provide a framework for integrating multiple lines of evidence for stressor management.
  • To demonstrate the application of network concepts in managing coastal environmental issues with limited data.

Main Methods:

  • Review and description of four key characteristics of marine ecosystem interaction networks: indirect effects, stressor magnitude-dependent effects, amplification of indirect effects, and feedback loops.
  • Linking these network characteristics to three case studies of common coastal environmental problems.
  • Developing a general understanding of ecological interaction networks to enhance stressor management priorities.

Main Results:

  • Ecological network interactions, including indirect effects and feedbacks, play a crucial role in shaping cumulative impacts in coastal ecosystems.
  • Stressor magnitude can influence the number of network components affected, and network interactions can amplify these effects.
  • A network-based approach can help identify critical pathways and components for effective stressor management.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding ecological network interactions offers a valuable lens for coastal environmental management, particularly when data is limited.
  • This approach can help overcome decision paralysis by providing a framework to integrate diverse evidence and prioritize management actions.
  • Applying network theory enhances the ability to manage cumulative effects and promote resilience in coastal marine ecosystems.