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Night-to-night variability in sleep and amyloid beta burden in normal aging.

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Variability in sleep fragmentation, detected by actigraphy, may indicate early amyloid buildup in the brain. This sleep disturbance could serve as a biomarker for Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease is linked to sleep disturbances and amyloid-beta accumulation in the brain.
  • Identifying early biomarkers is crucial for understanding and potentially intervening in Alzheimer's disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if actigraphy-measured sleep parameters can serve as biomarkers for early cerebral amyloid burden.
  • To correlate specific sleep disruption patterns with amyloid-positron emission tomography (PET) scan results.

Main Methods:

  • Eighty-six participants underwent a week of actigraphy monitoring and an amyloid PET scan.
  • Sleep duration and continuity (fragmentation, awakenings) were analyzed.
  • Multiple linear regressions assessed the relationship between sleep parameter variability and amyloid burden.

Main Results:

  • Amyloid-positive individuals exhibited greater variability in sleep fragmentation compared to amyloid-negative individuals.
  • Increased sleep fragmentation variability correlated with higher amyloid burden in frontal, parietal regions, and precuneus.
  • No significant differences were found in sleep duration between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Variability in sleep continuity, particularly sleep fragmentation, shows potential as a biomarker for early amyloid pathogenesis in Alzheimer's disease.
  • Actigraphy offers a non-invasive method to detect sleep alterations associated with preclinical Alzheimer's.