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Updated: Jul 15, 2025

A Syngeneic Mouse Model of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma for Quantitative and Longitudinal Assessment of Preclinical Therapies
Published on: April 12, 2017
Adjuvant therapy for renal cell carcinoma: A systematic review of current landscape and future directions
1Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Ankara University Cancer Research Institute, Ankara, Turkey.
Abstract:
The advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been transformative for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Their efficacy post-surgical resection remains a contentious point. Various phase 3 RCTs have assessed their potency. Amongst evaluated agents, sunitinib and pembrolizumab have demonstrated notable disease-free survival benefits. Sunitinib's potential is diminished due to absence of clear overall survival (OS) benefits and side-effect profile. Pembrolizumab shows better tolerance, conclusive OS data are forthcoming. This scenario underscores the pressing need for advanced risk stratification methods and discovery of novel biomarkers. Existing strategies, largely pre-dating TKI and ICI therapeutic era, lack sufficient accuracy in predicting relapse-risk. Our review offers a comprehensive analysis of key phase 3 RCTs, focusing on TKIs, mTOR-inhibitors, and ICIs for adjuvant RCC treatment. The intent is to shed light on the intricate landscape of RCC treatment, guiding future research directions for optimizing patient outcomes.
Insights
New treatments like tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) show promise for advanced kidney cancer after surgery. Further research is needed to improve risk prediction and find better biomarkers for adjuvant renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treatment.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Translational Medicine
- Clinical Trials
Background:
- Advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treatment has been revolutionized by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).
- The efficacy of these agents in the adjuvant setting post-surgical resection is still under investigation and debated.
- Current risk stratification methods predate the TKI/ICI era and lack predictive accuracy for relapse.
Conclusions:
- The current landscape of adjuvant renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treatment necessitates improved risk stratification beyond existing models.
- Further investigation into novel biomarkers is crucial for optimizing patient selection and predicting outcomes with TKIs and ICIs.
- Future research should focus on refining adjuvant therapeutic strategies to enhance patient outcomes in advanced RCC.
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