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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

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Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
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Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

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Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
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Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

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Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

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Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
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Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview01:17

Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview

1.3K
Ischemic heart disease occurs when the heart's blood supply dwindles, causing an ominous lack of oxygen and nutrients. This deficiency, stemming from reduced or obstructed blood flow, spells danger, leading to heart muscle damage and dysfunction.
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and...
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Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

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The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
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Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia
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Microvascular Dysfunction as a Possible Link Between Heart Failure and Cognitive Dysfunction.

Elizabeth Hillier1,2, Jason Covone1, Kady Fischer3

  • 1Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Experimental Medicine (E.H., J.C., H.Y.C., M.G.F.), McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Circulation. Heart Failure
|September 26, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Heart failure (HF) is linked to impaired brain and heart microvascular function, impacting cognitive abilities. This study demonstrates that reduced microvascular function in HF patients is associated with poorer cognitive performance.

Keywords:
braincognitioncoronary artery diseaseheart failuremagnetic resonance imaging

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Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neurology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Microvascular function in the brain and heart is crucial in heart failure (HF) but its relation to cardiac and cognitive function is unclear.
  • This study investigates the link between microvascular function and both cardiac and cognitive function in HF patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess microvascular function in the brain and heart of HF patients.
  • To determine the relationship between microvascular function, cardiac function, and cognitive performance in HF.

Main Methods:

  • Oxygenation-sensitive MRI was used to measure cerebral and myocardial oxygenation reserve (MORE) in HF patients and controls.
  • Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test.
  • Multivariable linear regression identified predictors of microvascular function.

Main Results:

  • HF patients exhibited lower cerebral oxygenation reserve, MORE, and MoCA scores compared to healthy controls.
  • MoCA scores in HF patients correlated with cardiac output and MORE.
  • Cardiac output and end-diastolic volume predicted cerebral and myocardial oxygenation reserve, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • Heart failure independently predicts coronary and cerebral microvascular dysfunction.
  • Impaired microvascular function in HF is associated with reduced cognitive function.