An automatic diagnostic system for the urodynamic study applying in lower urinary tract dysfunction

To establish an automatic diagnostic system based on machine learning for preliminarily analysis of urodynamic study applying in lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD).

The eight most common conditions of LUTDs were included in the present study. A total of 527 eligible patients with complete data, from the year of 2015 to 2020, were enrolled in this study. In total, two global parameters (patients' age and sex) and 13 urodynamic parameters were considered to be the input for machine learning algorithms. Three machine learning approaches were applied and evaluated in this study, including Decision Tree (DT), Logistic Regression (LR), and Support Vector Machine (SVM).

By applying machine learning algorithms into the 8 common LUTDs, the DT models achieved the AUC of 0.63-0.98, the LR models achieved the AUC of 0.73-0.99, and the SVM models achieved the AUC of 0.64-1.00. For mutually exclusive diagnoses of underactive detrusor and acontractile detrusor, we developed a classification model that classifies the patients into either of these two diseases or double-negative class. For this classification method, the DT models achieved the AUC of 0.82-0.85 and the SVM models achieved the AUC of 0.86-0.90. Among all these models, the LR and the SVM models showed better performance. The best model of these diagnostic tasks achieved an average AUC of 0.90 (0.90 ± 0.08).

An automatic diagnostic system was developed using three machine learning models in urodynamic studies. This automated machine learning process could lead to promising assistance and enhancements of diagnosis and provide more useful reference for LUTD treatment.