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Studies on polydnavirus transmission.

D B Stoltz, D Guzo, D Cook

    Virology
    |November 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Polydnaviruses, previously thought to replicate only in ovaries, are found in male parasitoids and non-ovarian tissues. This suggests widespread presence and vertical germline transmission of polydnavirus DNA in hymenopteran populations.

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    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Entomology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Polydnaviruses (PDVs) are obligate symbionts of certain Hymenoptera, historically believed to replicate exclusively in female reproductive tissues.
    • Their replication and transmission mechanisms within parasitoid hosts remain incompletely understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the distribution and transmission of polydnaviral DNA beyond the ovaries in parasitoid wasps.
    • To determine if polydnaviruses are present in non-ovarian tissues and if they can be transmitted vertically through the germline.

    Main Methods:

    • Genetic crosses between different strains of Cotesia melanoscela to track viral DNA transmission.
    • Analysis of polydnaviral DNA presence in male and female non-ovarian tissues of C. melanoscela and Hyposoter fugitivus.

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  • Rearing of H. fugitivus in host larvae without exogenous virus to assess germline transmission.

    • Main Results:

    • Polydnaviral DNA was detected in males of C. melanoscela and in both male and female non-ovarian tissues of H. fugitivus.
    • Interstrain crosses indicated that C. melanoscela males can transmit viral DNA to female offspring.
    • H. fugitivus females reared without exogenous virus still possessed virus in their ovaries, supporting vertical transmission.
    • Per os transmission to parasitoid larvae was not observed in C. melanoscela.

    Conclusions:

    • Polydnavirus DNA is likely present in most tissues of certain parasitoid species, not just ovaries.
    • Vertical transmission through the germline is the probable mechanism for maintaining polydnaviruses within parasitoid populations.
    • Current evidence does not support per os transmission of polydnaviruses to parasitoid larvae.