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Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
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Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Studying Copper Nanoparticle-Induced Programmed Cell Death in Bacteria
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New Copper Complexes with Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity.

Adriana Corina Hangan1, Roxana Liana Lucaciu2, Alexandru Turza3

  • 1Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu-Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|September 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Two novel copper complexes were synthesized and characterized for their biological activity. Complex C2 demonstrated significant antibacterial and anticancer properties, showing greater efficacy than C1.

Keywords:
Cu+2 complexesantibacterialcrystal structurecytotoxicity

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Area of Science:

  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • The development of non-toxic metal complexes with biological activity is a key research area.
  • Copper complexes are actively investigated for their therapeutic potential due to their diverse coordination chemistry and biological roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize two new copper(II) complexes with novel thiadiazole-based ligands.
  • To evaluate the in vitro antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of the synthesized copper complexes.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of two copper(II) complexes, [Cu4(L1)4(OH)4(DMF)2(H2O)] (C1) and [Cu(L2)2(phen)(H2O)] (C2).
  • Structural characterization using X-ray crystallography, FT-IR, and UV-Vis spectroscopy.
  • Assessment of antibacterial activity via microdilution method and cytotoxicity using MTT assay on HeLa, DLD-1, and HFL1 cell lines.
  • Apoptosis induction was analyzed by flow cytometry.

Main Results:

  • The crystal structures revealed five-coordinated copper(II) centers with distorted square pyramidal geometries.
  • Both complexes exhibited in vitro antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
  • Complex C2 showed enhanced cytotoxic effects against tumor cell lines and induced apoptosis, indicating greater biological activity compared to C1.

Conclusions:

  • The synthesized copper complexes, C1 and C2, possess significant in vitro biological activities.
  • Complex C2 is more potent in its antibacterial and cytotoxic effects, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent.