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Decoding the Microbiome's Influence on Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Donatella Coradduzza1, Marco Bo1, Antonella Congiargiu1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The gut microbiome is altered in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), with specific bacteria increasing or decreasing. These changes may contribute to inflammation and gut barrier damage in RA patients.

Keywords:
autoimmune diseasebiomarkersmicrobiomerheumatoid arthritisrheumatology

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiome research
  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease.
  • The gut microbiome's role in RA pathogenesis is increasingly recognized.
  • Observational studies offer insights into host-microbe interactions in RA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review and synthesize data on the microbiome's pathogenetic role in RA.
  • To explore changes in gut microbiota diversity and abundance in RA patients.
  • To assess the quality of evidence from observational studies on RA and the microbiome.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (last 10 years).
  • Qualitative assessment of ten observational studies.
  • Risk of bias evaluation using GRADE criteria.
  • Analysis of fecal samples using 16S rDNA sequencing.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in the gut microbiome composition between RA patients and healthy controls (HCs).
  • Decreased abundance of bacteria such as *Faecalibacterium* and *Enterococcus* in RA.
  • Increased abundance of bacteria including *Prevotella copri*, *Collinsella*, and *Klebsiella* in RA.
  • Alterations include increased *Prevotella copri* and *Lactobacillus*, and reduced *Collinsella*.

Conclusions:

  • The gut microbiome composition is significantly altered in individuals with RA compared to HCs.
  • These microbial shifts are hypothesized to promote inflammation and compromise intestinal barrier integrity.
  • Further research is necessary to confirm the causal relationship between microbiome alterations and RA development.