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Related Concept Videos

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery01:19

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery

575
Here is a stepwise guide to assessing the body temperature at the temporal artery using a temporal artery thermometer
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don a fresh pair of gloves to prevent cross-infection and ensure patient safety.
Step 2: Explain the procedure to the patient to establish trust. Clear communication establishes trust with the patient, ensures they understand what to expect, promotes cooperation, and enhances comfort during the procedure.  
Step 3: Assess the patient's...
575
Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

1.8K
A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
1.8K
Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature01:13

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature

1.0K
Body temperature can be assessed using various devices and measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
Glass-bulb Thermometer:
Glass-bulb thermometers are hollow glass tubes with a bulb tip containing liquid such as ethanol or mercury. Historically, glass bulb mercury thermometers were the standard device to measure body temperature. Today, mercury thermometers are prohibited in many countries due to the hazardous effects of mercury and the risk of exposure if the glass bulb breaks. In general,...
1.0K
Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane

605
Assessing tympanic membrane temperature involves using a tympanic membrane thermometer (TMT). Here is a step-by-step guide:
Step 1: Begin by practicing good hand hygiene to prevent the transmission of microorganisms.
Step 2: Turn on the thermometer and wait until the ready sign appears on the screen to ensure accurate measurement.
Step 3: Slide the probe cover in place to prevent cross-contamination.
Step 4: Instruct the patient to tilt their head to the side for comfort and check for cerumen...
605
Assessing Body Temperature - Axilla01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Axilla

608
Procedural Guide for Assessing Axillary Body Temperature using a Digital Thermometer:
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and put on clean gloves to maintain infection control and prevent cross-contamination.
Step 2: Prepare the patient by explaining the procedure to ensure understanding and cooperation. Ensure privacy, expose the axilla, and inform the patient that minimal movement is crucial for an accurate reading.
Step 3: Adjust the patient’s clothing to expose only the axilla. It minimizes...
608
Thermosensation01:43

Thermosensation

30.5K
Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
30.5K

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Updated: Jul 15, 2025

In Situ Surface Temperature Measurement in a Conveyor Belt Furnace via Inline Infrared Thermography
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In Situ Surface Temperature Measurement in a Conveyor Belt Furnace via Inline Infrared Thermography

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Non-Contact Face Temperature Measurement by Thermopile-Based Data Fusion.

Faraz Bhatti1, Grischan Engel1, Joachim Hampel1

  • 1Department of Engineering, Pforzheim University, 75175 Pforzheim, Germany.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces an automated, non-contact facial skin temperature measurement method using a thermopile sensor matrix and 2D imaging. The system achieves comparable accuracy to commercial infrared thermometers without manual alignment.

Keywords:
data fusionintelligent access control systemnon-contact temperature measurementthermopile sensor

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Imaging
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Current non-contact skin temperature measurement methods like thermal imaging cameras and infrared (IR) thermometers have limitations.
  • Thermal imaging is often cost-prohibitive for widespread use.
  • IR thermometers require manual alignment, impacting efficiency and accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an automated, non-contact, and area-specific method for facial skin surface temperature measurement.
  • To overcome the limitations of existing non-contact temperature measurement techniques.
  • To enable precise temperature monitoring of specific facial regions.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of a low-cost thermopile sensor matrix with a 2D image sensor.
  • Fusion of temperature and image data using parametric affine transformation.
  • Implementation of face recognition for assigning temperature values to specific facial regions.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method enables automated, non-contact, and area-specific skin temperature determination.
  • Temperature values are accurately assigned to selected facial regions via face recognition.
  • Participant studies show comparable absolute temperature values to commercial IR forehead thermometers.

Conclusions:

  • The developed system offers an advantageous alternative for non-contact facial skin temperature measurement.
  • The method provides accurate and automated temperature readings without manual alignment.
  • This technology has potential for various applications requiring precise facial thermography.