Design of A High-Precision Component-Type Vertical Pendulum Tiltmeter Based on FPGA

Area of Science:

• Geophysics
• Instrument Science

Background:

• Geophysical field tilt observations require reliable and precise instruments.
• Existing tilt observation instruments can be complex to deploy and maintain.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a high-precision, component-type vertical pendulum tiltmeter.
• To enhance the utility, reliability, and ease of deployment of geophysical tilt observation instruments.

Main Methods:

• Designed a tiltmeter incorporating a pendulum body, triangular platform, locking motor, and sealing cover.
• Utilized a differential capacitance ratio bridge with high-speed Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) sampling.
• Implemented a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) embedded system for digital signal processing and online compilation.

Main Results:

• The system measures ground tilt in two orthogonal directions simultaneously.
• The design ensures robustness, withstanding a 2 m free-fall impact.
• Replaced analog circuits with digital processing, reducing hardware costs and interference.

Conclusions:

• The developed FPGA-based tiltmeter offers high precision, reliability, and ease of use.
• The instrument is suitable for rapid deployment without requiring specialized personnel.
• This advancement is significant for future geophysical research and field observations.