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Body appearance values modulate risk aversion in eating restriction.

Paul Mark Jenkinson1, Athanasios Koukoutsakis2, Elena Panagiotopoulou2

  • 1Institute for Social Neuroscience (ISN Psychology).

Journal of Experimental Psychology. General
|September 28, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Eating restriction decisions are influenced by social and motivational values related to body appearance. Computational modeling reveals risk aversion, not loss aversion, drives these behaviors in women with and without eating disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Eating disorders lack integrated psychosocial and neurobiological understanding.
  • Existing approaches to eating disorders are often siloed.
  • A unified framework for studying eating restriction is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel transdiagnostic and computational approach to eating restriction decisions.
  • To investigate the influence of body image values on decision-making processes.
  • To differentiate between risk and loss aversion in the context of eating behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • Validated a modified monetary risk task incorporating body image stimuli.
  • Collected behavioral data from a large sample (N=539) of women across the eating restraint spectrum.
  • Employed advanced computational modeling for descriptive and predictive analysis.

Main Results:

  • Social and motivational values of body appearance significantly impact value-based decision-making in eating restriction.
  • Computational models indicated that risk aversion, rather than loss aversion, underlies these behaviors.
  • Desirable body outcomes correlated with reduced risk aversion, while undesirable outcomes correlated with increased risk aversion.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive and social factors influence eating decisions through distinct mechanisms.
  • A transdiagnostic, computational approach offers new insights into eating disorders.
  • Findings highlight the role of risk perception in body image-related choices.