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Innate immune dysregulation in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).
Johana Isaza-Correa1,2,3, Laura Ryan1,3, Lynne Kelly1,2,3
1Discipline of Paediatrics, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Scientific Reports
|September 30, 2023
Summary
Pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (MIS-C) involves immune system dysregulation. Children with MIS-C showed altered neutrophil, lymphocyte counts, and cytokine profiles, suggesting potential immunomodulatory treatments.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Systemic Inflammation
Background:
- Pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (MIS-C) is a serious condition following SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- The immunopathological mechanisms underlying MIS-C remain incompletely understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare systemic immune responses in children with MIS-C versus healthy controls.
- To investigate cellular and molecular immune alterations in MIS-C patients.
Main Methods:
- Flow cytometry analysis of immune cell populations and receptor expression (CD11b, TLR4) in neutrophils and monocytes.
- Quantification of serum cytokines and inflammasome-related mRNA.
- Assessment of lymphocyte subpopulations (T cells, B cells, NK cells).
Main Results:
- Children with MIS-C exhibited elevated neutrophil counts and reduced lymphocyte counts.
- Increased serum levels of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-β, and VEGF were observed in MIS-C patients.
- Distinct alterations in lymphocyte subsets, including decreased CD3+, NK, and Vδ1 cells, and increased B cells, were noted.
Conclusions:
- MIS-C is characterized by a dysregulated systemic immune response.
- Findings suggest potential therapeutic targets for immunomodulatory interventions in MIS-C.
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