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Thyroid Hormone Level in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome
1Dr Kakoli Das, Senior Consultant Paediatrics, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh;
Mymensingh Medical Journal : MMJ
|October 1, 2023
Summary
Children with nephrotic syndrome often develop hypothyroidism due to protein loss. This study found lower T4 levels and higher TSH in children with nephrotic syndrome compared to those with other illnesses.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Nephrology
Background:
- Nephrotic syndrome is a common childhood kidney disease.
- Urinary protein loss in nephrotic syndrome can lead to decreased levels of protein-bound thyroid hormones.
- Hypothyroidism is a significant complication in children with nephrotic syndrome.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the thyroid profile in children diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome.
- To compare thyroid function in children with nephrotic syndrome against a control group of children with other acute illnesses.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 122 children aged 2-12 years.
- Participants were divided into two groups: Group A (61 children with nephrotic syndrome) and Group B (61 children with other acute illnesses).
- Blood samples were analyzed for free T4 and TSH levels, with data analyzed using SPSS and statistical tests (unpaired 't' test, Chi-Square test).
Main Results:
- Children with nephrotic syndrome (Group A) exhibited significantly lower free T4 levels (16.09±22.32 fmol/ml) compared to the control group (68.22±11.65 fmol/ml).
- Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were significantly higher in Group A (5.42±1.04) than in Group B (3.53±1.44).
- Hypothyroidism was more prevalent in younger children under 6 years of age.
Conclusions:
- Children experiencing nephrotic syndrome demonstrate a state of hypothyroidism.
- Thyroid hormone deficiency in nephrotic syndrome is linked to urinary losses of thyroid-binding proteins.
- Early monitoring of thyroid function is crucial for pediatric patients with nephrotic syndrome.
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