Shared decision-making training in general practice: a rapid review

Although shared decision-making (SDM) is key to providing patient-centred care, SDM is lacking in primary care. Training programmes seeking to improve GP SDM have yet to be reviewed. Therefore, a rapid review of the literature was conducted to evaluate GP SDM training methods and their outcomes.

MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL were systematically searched. Results of the studies included were synthesised narratively. Study quality was appraised using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI).

Seven studies were identified. Study quality was high, with a mean MERSQI score of 17.2/18 (range 16-18). Theory/presentation was the most prevalent training method (n=6). Of the five studies assessing the impact of SDM training on patient outcomes, only one yielded positive results. Contrastingly, both studies assessing clinician behaviour produced positive results.

SDM training improved GP behaviour but the effects on patient outcomes were lacking. SDM training programmes that utilised teaching methods targeting practical SDM skills, such as role play, observed some positive findings. However, because their prevalence was lacking, further research into these methods, and their cost-effectiveness, are needed.