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Asthma and COVID-19 Outcomes: A Prospective Study in a Large Health Care Delivery System

Lindsay K Finkas1, Navneet Ramesh2, Lawrence S Block3

  • 1Kaiser Permanente San Rafael Medical Center, San Rafael, CA, USA.

Journal of Asthma and Allergy
|October 4, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Asthma patients had a lower risk of COVID-19 infection during Omicron but a higher risk of hospitalization before the Delta variant emerged. Severe asthma and female sex amplified hospitalization risks.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Inconsistent findings exist regarding asthma's impact on COVID-19 outcomes.
  • Understanding this association is crucial for managing patients during the pandemic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between asthma and COVID-19 outcomes.
  • To compare infection, hospitalization, and ICU admission rates in asthma patients versus controls across different pandemic phases.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involved 41,282 asthma patients and matched controls.
  • Data were collected from electronic health records across pre-Delta, Delta, and Omicron variant periods.
  • Outcomes analyzed included COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, and ICU admission, adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, and vaccination status.

Main Results:

  • Asthma patients were more likely to be tested for COVID-19.
  • A lower risk of COVID-19 infection was observed in asthma patients during the Omicron period (OR=0.92).
  • Increased risk of COVID-19 hospitalization (HR=1.33) and ICU admission was noted in the pre-Delta period, particularly for severe asthma and women.

Conclusions:

  • Asthma is linked to reduced COVID-19 infection risk during Omicron.
  • Asthma independently increased COVID-19 hospitalization risk in the pre-Delta phase, especially for severe cases and women.
  • Vaccination status did not significantly alter these associations.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19asthmacohort studysevere asthma

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