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Related Concept Videos

Vertebral Column: Regions and Curvature01:16

Vertebral Column: Regions and Curvature

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The vertebral column or spine is a flexible column that supports the head, neck, and body and  allows for their movements. It also protects the spinal cord.
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In an adult, the spine is subdivided into five regions: the cervical, the thoracic, the lumbar, the sacral, and the coccygeal region. The spine initially develops as a series of 33 vertebrae; after 20 years of age, the nine bones in the sacral region, five sacral, and four coccygeal bones fuse to form...
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In addition to being held together by the intervertebral discs, adjacent vertebrae also articulate with each other at synovial joints formed between the superior and inferior articular processes called zygapophysial joints (facet joints). These are plane joints that provide for only limited motions between the vertebrae. The orientation of the articular processes at these joints varies in different regions of the vertebral column and serves to determine the types of motions available in each...
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General Structure of a Vertebra01:30

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A typical vertebra, with the exception of the sacrum and coccyx, consists of a body, a vertebral arch, and seven different projections termed processes. The anterior portion of the vertebrae, the body, supports about half the body’s weight. The vertebral bodies progressively increase in size and thickness from the cervical region to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. The intervertebral discs present between the bodies of adjacent vertebrae firmly unites them, forming a continuous...
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Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints01:17

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As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
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[Spondylolisthesis].

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Updated: Jul 15, 2025

C-arm-Free Simultaneous OLIF51 and Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Fixation in a Single Lateral Position
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[Spondylolisthesis].

M R Konieczny1, M Jäger2,3,4

  • 1Klinik für Wirbelsäulenchirurgie, Orthopädische Klinik Volmarstein, Lothar-Gau-Str. 11, 58300, Wetter (Ruhr), Deutschland. KoniecznyM@esv.de.

Orthopadie (Heidelberg, Germany)
|October 4, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spondylolisthesis, a common cause of low back pain affecting 20% of adults, requires classification for effective treatment. High-grade cases benefit from surgery, while low-grade spondylolisthesis often responds to conservative care.

Keywords:
Conservative treatmentDegenerative spondylolisthesisLumbar back painOlisthesisSurgical treatment

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics and Spine Surgery
  • Degenerative Disc Disease Research
  • Spinal Biomechanics

Context:

  • Spondylolisthesis affects 20% of adults, frequently causing lumbar back pain.
  • Degenerative spondylolisthesis typically occurs at L4/5 in adults.
  • Nondegenerative spondylolisthesis is commonly found at the L5/S1 segment.

Purpose:

  • To highlight the importance of classifying spondylolisthesis severity and type before treatment.
  • To differentiate treatment approaches based on spondylolisthesis grade and classification.
  • To present conservative treatment outcomes for spondylolisthesis.

Summary:

  • Spondylolisthesis classification, including severity grading and Spinal Deformity Study Group (SDSG) criteria, is crucial for guiding treatment decisions.
  • High-grade spondylolisthesis warrants surgical intervention, whereas low-grade cases are best managed conservatively.
  • Conservative treatment can achieve lysis healing in approximately 50% of recently acquired spondylolistheses.

Impact:

  • Informing clinical decision-making for spondylolisthesis management.
  • Improving patient outcomes through tailored treatment strategies.
  • Contributing to the understanding of conservative treatment efficacy in spondylolisthesis.