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Understanding immunity to influenza: implications for future vaccine development.
1College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
Expert Review of Vaccines
|October 5, 2023
Summary
Influenza virus evolution challenges vaccine efficacy. Understanding host immune responses is key to developing universal vaccines against influenza A virus (IAV) to combat seasonal and pandemic strains.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Influenza A virus (IAV) continually evolves via antigenic drift and shift, complicating immunity and vaccination.
- Zoonotic IAV strains pose pandemic risks, necessitating improved control strategies.
- Current influenza vaccines offer partial protection, especially against novel strains.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review implications for future influenza vaccine development.
- To highlight the role of host immune responses in guiding vaccine design.
- To discuss strategies for universal influenza A virus (IAV) vaccine development.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on influenza virus evolution and host immunity.
- Analysis of factors influencing influenza A virus (IAV) infection and transmission.
- Examination of advancements in vaccine production technology.
Main Results:
- Influenza virus's genetic variability necessitates adaptable vaccine strategies.
- Host immune history significantly impacts response to influenza virus infection and vaccination.
- Universal influenza A virus (IAV) vaccines are a promising area of research.
Conclusions:
- Understanding host immune responses is crucial for developing effective universal influenza A virus (IAV) vaccines.
- Rapid vaccine production technologies can accelerate responses to emerging threats.
- Future vaccines must address both seasonal and pandemic influenza A virus (IAV) strains.
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