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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2025

Protocol for Microplastics Sampling on the Sea Surface and Sample Analysis

Protocol for Microplastics Sampling on the Sea Surface and Sample Analysis

Published on: December 16, 2016

Ocean emission of microplastic.

Daniel B Shaw¹, Qi Li², Janine K Nunes^1,3

¹Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.

|October 5, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Marine microplastic emissions are quantified, revealing jet drops from bursting bubbles are key. Global models estimate annual microplastic ejection from oceans, but surface concentrations introduce uncertainties.

Keywords:

air-sea interactions bubble bursting microplastics transport ocean emissions

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Oceanography
Atmospheric Chemistry

Background:

Microplastics are pervasive pollutants in marine ecosystems, with increasing concentrations due to human activities.
Sea spray generated by bubble bursting is a known pathway for transporting oceanic substances into the atmosphere.
Quantifying microplastic transport via sea spray is crucial for understanding global microplastic budgets.

Purpose of the Study:

To mechanistically study and quantify microplastic emission from the ocean via bubble bursting.
To develop a global model for microplastic emission based on physical processes and environmental factors.
To assess the contribution of microplastics to atmospheric transport from marine environments.

Main Methods:

Investigated the physics of bubble bursting and jet drop formation to determine microplastic ejection efficiency.
Developed a global emission model incorporating bubble scavenging, bursting dynamics, wind, sea state, and microplastic concentration.
Utilized various microplastic concentration maps to estimate emission ranges.

Main Results:

Demonstrated that jet drops efficiently emit microplastics up to a specific diameter, dominating mass ejection.
Estimated global annual microplastic emissions ranging from 0.02 to 7.4 megatons, with a best estimate of 0.1 megatons.
Identified that uncertainties in ocean surface microplastic concentration and size distribution significantly impact emission estimates.

Conclusions:

Bubble bursting is a significant mechanism for microplastic transfer from oceans to the atmosphere.
The developed model reduces uncertainty in the physics of microplastic ejection.
Further research on ocean surface microplastic properties is needed to refine global emission calculations.