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Disseminated intravascular coagulation and related syndromes: etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management
Insights
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) diagnosis and management are evolving, with new methods potentially improving survival. Some conditions share similar pathophysiology with DIC, warranting further investigation.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is increasingly recognized.
- Emerging diagnostic and management strategies for DIC are being developed.
- Similar pathophysiology may link DIC to other distinct disease entities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current and controversial aspects of DIC.
- To discuss etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of DIC.
- To explore syndromes with potentially shared pathophysiology with DIC.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current and controversial aspects of DIC.
- Summary of diagnostic modalities and management strategies.
- Discussion of related syndromes with similar pathophysiology.
Main Results:
- DIC recognition is increasing with new diagnostic tools.
- Novel, sometimes controversial, management approaches may enhance survival.
- Several conditions may share underlying pathophysiology with DIC.
Conclusions:
- DIC management and understanding are advancing.
- Controversial methods may offer survival benefits.
- Further research into shared pathophysiology between DIC and other syndromes is indicated.
Abstract:
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is being recognized with increased frequency and not only are newer diagnostic modalities becoming available for this syndrome, but newer, some controversial, methods of management are also being recognized and may prove to increase survival in DIC. In addition, several syndromes classically considered separate, definitive disease entities, may actually share similar or identical pathophysiology to DIC. This review summarized current, as well as controversial aspects of etiology, pathophysiology, clinical and laboratory diagnosis, and management of DIC. In addition, a brief discussion of syndromes which may share similar or identical pathophysiology to DIC is included.