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The role and medical prospects of long non-coding RNAs in cardiovascular disease
Najung Kim1,2, Woo-Young Chung3, Je-Yoel Cho4,5
1Department of Biochemistry, BK21 Plus and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 08826, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Insights
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are crucial in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and heart repair. This review explores their role in CVD pathogenesis and potential as novel therapeutics for heart regeneration.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Science
- Molecular Biology
- Cardiology
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a global health crisis with limited heart tissue regeneration.
- Damaged heart tissue from conditions like myocardial infarction leads to functional loss.
- Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are newly recognized regulators transcribed from non-protein-coding DNA.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases.
- To explore the involvement of lncRNAs in cardiomyocyte regeneration.
- To discuss the therapeutic potential of lncRNAs for treating CVD.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of transcriptomic profiling and lncRNA research in cardiovascular science.
- Analysis of studies investigating lncRNA function in cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, and heart fibrosis.
- Examination of research on lncRNAs in heart valve development and regeneration.
Main Results:
- lncRNAs are implicated in the molecular mechanisms underlying diverse CVDs.
- Specific lncRNAs play significant roles in the process of myocardial regeneration.
- lncRNA expression patterns can serve as biomarkers for CVD progression.
Conclusions:
- lncRNAs are critical regulators in cardiovascular disease development and heart repair.
- Targeting lncRNAs offers a promising new avenue for therapeutic interventions in CVD.
- Further research into lncRNA function can unlock innovative treatments for heart conditions.
Abstract:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has reached epidemic proportions and is a leading cause of death worldwide. One of the long-standing goals of scientists is to repair heart tissue damaged by various forms of CVD such as cardiac hypertrophy, dilated cardiomyopathy, myocardial infarction, heart fibrosis, and genetic and developmental heart defects such as heart valve deformities. Damaged or defective heart tissue has limited regenerative capacity and results in a loss of functioning myocardium. Advances in transcriptomic profiling technology have revealed that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is transcribed from what was once considered "junk DNA." It has since been discovered that lncRNAs play a critical role in the pathogenesis of various CVDs and in myocardial regeneration. This review will explore how lncRNAs impact various forms of CVD as well as those involved in cardiomyocyte regeneration. Further, we discuss the potential of lncRNAs as a therapeutic modality for treating CVD.
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