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MEG frequency tagging reveals a grid-like code during attentional movements.

Giuliano Giari1, Lorenzo Vignali1, Yangwen Xu1

  • 1Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy.

Cell Reports
|October 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Movements of covert attention in humans create grid-like neural activity, similar to spatial navigation. This grid-like coding, specifically a 6-fold periodicity, was detected in the medial-temporal lobe.

Keywords:
CP: Neuroscienceattentionfrequency tagginggrid cellsmagnetoencephalography

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Spatial Cognition

Background:

  • Grid cells in the medial-temporal lobe exhibit 6-fold periodicity, crucial for spatial navigation and environmental mapping.
  • Previous research primarily linked grid-cell activity to physical locomotion and visual exploration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether covert attentional movements, independent of physical locomotion, can elicit grid-like neural coding in humans.
  • To determine if spatial periodicities associated with attention manifest in distinct spectral responses.
  • To localize the brain regions involved in attention-driven grid-like coding.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized frequency tagging with visual trajectories presented at fixed rates to create distinct temporal periodicities corresponding to spatial periodicities (4-, 6-, and 8-fold).
  • Measured participants' neural responses to these stimuli.
  • Conducted a control experiment using identical temporal periodicity but without spatial structure to isolate the effect of spatial attention.

Main Results:

  • A significantly higher neural response was observed for the 6-fold spatial periodicity, characteristic of grid-like coding.
  • This grid-like effect was localized to medial-temporal brain sources.
  • The 6-fold effect was absent in the control experiment lacking spatial structure, confirming its dependence on spatial attentional movements.

Conclusions:

  • Covert attentional movements can elicit grid-like neural signals in the human medial-temporal lobe.
  • Attentional coding may serve as a mechanism for activating cognitive maps during conceptual navigation.
  • This finding extends the role of grid-cell-like representations beyond physical movement to include attentional processes.