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Pathognomonic features of Pasteurella multocida isolates among various avian species in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt

Azza S El-Demerdash1, Rehab E Mowafy2, Hanan A Fahmy3

  • 1Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Microbiology, Agriculture Research Centre (ARC), Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Zagazig, 44516, Egypt. dr.azzasalah@yahoo.com.

World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology
|October 8, 2023
PubMed

Insights

This study identified Pasteurella multocida in avian pulmonary cases, revealing high antimicrobial resistance and specific virulence genes. Ducks and quails showed greater virulence, with Fakous district being most susceptible to pasteurellosis.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Microbiology
  • Avian Pathology
  • Molecular Epidemiology

Background:

  • Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) is a significant avian pathogen causing respiratory disease.
  • Understanding the genetic basis of virulence and antimicrobial resistance is crucial for effective control strategies.
  • Geographical and species-specific risk factors influence pasteurellosis outbreaks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize P. multocida from avian pulmonary cases in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt.
  • To investigate histopathological features, antimicrobial resistance, virulence genes, and risk factors.
  • To perform epidemiological mapping of pasteurellosis.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and identification of P. multocida from avian samples.
  • Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and molecular characterization of resistance and virulence genes.
  • Histopathological examination, postmortem analysis, and epidemiological mapping.

Main Results:

  • P. multocida was detected in 9.4% of examined birds, with incidence varying by species, climate, breed, age, and sample type.
  • All isolates exhibited multidrug resistance, with high resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and erythromycin. Florfenicol and enrofloxacin showed sensitivity.
  • Virulence genes (oma87, sodA, ptfA) and resistance genes (ermX, blaROB-1, mcr-1) were prevalent. Ducks and quails were more virulent. Fakous district showed highest susceptibility.

Conclusions:

  • P. multocida poses a significant threat to avian health in the studied region, characterized by multidrug resistance and specific virulence factors.
  • Ducks and quails are identified as particularly susceptible hosts, harboring antimicrobial-resistant genes.
  • Effective prevention and control strategies require monitoring flocks, prompt veterinary care, and judicious antibiotic use, informed by epidemiological data.
Keywords:
Avian speciesEpidemiological mappingHistopathological featuresMolecular characterizationMultidrug resistancePasteurella multocida

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