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Granulomatosis with polyangiitis mimicking COVID-19 pneumonia: A case report

Arjun Basnet1, Sajog Kansakar1, Nava Raj Sharma2

  • 1Maimonides Medical Center Brooklyn New York United States.

Clinical Case Reports
|October 9, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a rare vasculitis. This case highlights GPA diagnosis in a COVID-19 patient, emphasizing early recognition for better outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), previously Wegener's granulomatosis, is a small-to-medium vessel necrotizing vasculitis associated with ANCA.
  • GPA diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion, especially with multi-system involvement.

Observation:

  • A 26-year-old woman presented with COVID-19, pneumonia, shortness of breath, hemoptysis, skin lesions, and foot numbness.
  • Diagnostic workup included serological markers and VATS-guided lung biopsy, confirming GPA.

Findings:

  • The patient was treated with methylprednisolone and rituximab, achieving stabilization.
  • Complications included subcutaneous emphysema and lower extremity neuropathy.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering GPA in patients with overlapping COVID-19 symptoms.
  • Prompt diagnosis and multidisciplinary management are vital for improving patient prognosis in GPA.
Keywords:
ANCA‐associated vasculitisCOVID‐19granulomatosis with polyangiitis

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