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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2025

Author Spotlight: Extended Oxygen Consumption Measurement in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Using Resipher
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DISTINCT METABOLIC STATES DIRECT RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM CELL FATE DECISIONS.

J Raúl Perez-Estrada, Jared A Tangeman, Maeve Proto-Newton

    Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
    |October 9, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary

    Metabolism controls cell fate during tissue regeneration. Glycolysis is essential for retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) reprogramming, while oxidative metabolism drives unwanted cell changes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Metabolic Pathways
    • Developmental Biology

    Background:

    • Tissue regeneration requires cell proliferation, dedifferentiation, and reprogramming.
    • The interplay between metabolism and these regenerative processes is not fully understood.
    • Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells in chicken embryos can regenerate the retina via reprogramming induced by fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2).

    Approach:

    • Transcriptome profiling was used to identify gene sets involved in RPE reprogramming.
    • Cell media composition was manipulated to determine the metabolic requirements for RPE reprogramming.
    • The effects of oxidative metabolism on cell fate were investigated by activating pyruvate dehydrogenase.

    Key Points:

    • RPE reprogramming involves significant regulation of genes related to proliferation, neurogenesis, and glycolysis.
    • Glucose, glutamine, or pyruvate are sufficient to support RPE reprogramming, highlighting glycolysis as a requisite metabolic pathway.
    • Oxidative metabolism, induced by pyruvate dehydrogenase activation, promotes Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inhibits neural retina fate acquisition.
    • An oxidative environment partially drives EMT during this process.

    Conclusions:

    • Metabolism plays a critical role in controlling RPE cell fate decisions.
    • This study provides insights into the metabolic state of RPE cells, which are susceptible to fate changes in regenerative processes and diseases like proliferative vitreoretinopathy.