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Urinary exosomes: a promising biomarker of drug-induced nephrotoxicity

Zunzhen Zhou1, Dailiang Zhang1, Yongjing Wang1

  • 1Clinical Medical College, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

Frontiers in Medicine
|October 9, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Urinary exosomes show promise as early biomarkers for drug-induced nephrotoxicity (DIN). Research highlights their potential for accurate detection of renal injury, improving patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Drug Safety

Background:

  • Drug-induced nephrotoxicity (DIN) poses a significant clinical challenge, with current detection methods lacking accuracy for early renal injury.
  • The inevitable use of nephrotoxic drugs necessitates improved diagnostic tools for timely intervention.
  • Urinary exosomes are emerging as a promising source for identifying kidney disease biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of urinary exosomes as biomarkers for early detection of drug-induced nephrotoxicity (DIN).
  • To review the mechanisms of DIN and the biogenesis of urinary exosomes.
  • To discuss the utility of urinary exosome changes in predicting DIN and compare them with existing indicators.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on DIN pathogenesis and urinary exosome biogenesis.
  • Analysis of studies investigating urinary exosome alterations in drug-induced nephrotoxicity.
  • Comparative assessment of urinary exosomes against other predictive biomarkers for DIN.

Main Results:

  • Urinary exosomes offer a non-invasive approach for monitoring kidney health.
  • Specific changes in urinary exosomes correlate with the onset of drug-induced kidney damage.
  • Exosomal biomarkers demonstrate potential for earlier and more accurate DIN detection.

Conclusions:

  • Urinary exosomes represent a valuable resource for developing novel biomarkers for drug-induced nephrotoxicity.
  • Further research into exosomal content and function can enhance early diagnosis and management of DIN.
  • Harnessing urinary exosome potential can significantly improve patient safety in clinical medication.
Keywords:
acute kidney injurybiomarkersdrug-induced nephrotoxicitykidney diseaseurinary exosomes

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