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Quantitative cellular changes in multiple system atrophy brains
Alberte M Andersen1, Sanne S Kaalund1, Lisbeth Marner2,3
1Centre for Neuroscience and Stereology, Department of Neurology, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology
|October 9, 2023
Summary
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) involves neurodegeneration and glial changes. Stereological studies reveal significant neuron loss in MSA, particularly nigrostriatal neurons in MSA-P and cerebellar degeneration in MSA-C, with minimal oligodendrocyte loss.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Neuropathology
- Quantitative Neuroanatomy
Background:
- Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease.
- Key features include parkinsonism, cerebellar ataxia, and autonomic failure.
- Alpha-synuclein aggregation in oligodendrocytes is the hallmark pathology.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review stereological data on cell numbers and volumes in MSA brains.
- To analyze quantitative data from neocortex, cerebrum, brainstem, and cerebellum.
- To correlate stereological findings with imaging and clinical symptoms.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of published stereological studies.
- Inclusion of unbiased quantitative data on neurons and glial cells (oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, microglia).
- Analysis of brain region volumes.
Main Results:
- Stereological data align with neuropathological findings of neurodegeneration and gliosis.
- Significant loss of nigrostriatal neurons in MSA-P.
- Evidence of olivopontocerebellar atrophy in MSA-C.
- Minor loss of oligodendrocytes in sub-cortical regions; negligible brain volume changes.
Conclusions:
- Stereological methods provide accurate cell count and volume data in MSA.
- Findings support neurodegeneration patterns correlating with MSA subtypes.
- Integration of stereology, imaging, and clinical data enhances understanding of MSA pathogenesis.
